Links

Moneyresort
Gatzet Info
Vello Blog
Mediocre to the best
SEO Supporter Blog
Easy Diet Programs
Girls Gadget
Solar Powered Blog
Moleskine and Me
Birds Care Blog
Nice Template Blog
Prasojo
Daily Thoughts
Triproxy Blog
Gatzet Support System
Suara Insan
Genetika Evolusi
My Blogster
Blue Mouse
Zetrys List
shopautodotca seocontest
t1t2p
Gatzet SEO
My Blog at Friendster
Gatzet on My Space
Blog Gatzet on MySpace
Blog Zetrys on MySpace
Zetrys Support System
Gatzet at multiply
Blog Gatzet at multiply
Free Proxy at Triproxy
Zetrys at Multiply
Zetrys Blog at Multiply

Photovoltaic

Photovoltaic cells or for short we can call it PV are commonly called as Solar cells. This cells converts the solar light directly to electricity. It can be found on many small appliances nowadays, like calculators or watches and even on satellites or space craft.

PV cells were first developed by U.S. government agency in the 1950s for use on space satellites program. PV cells are made of silicon wafer. When solar light strikes the PV cell, electrons of those silicon layer are knocked loose. It moves toward the front surface of the incoming light. This movement creates an electron imbalance between the front and back. When the two surfaces are joined by a connector, like a wire, a current of electricity occurs between the negative and positive sides.

The current of electricity created from single PV cell, apparently only small. To create bigger electricity these individual solar cells are arranged together in a PV module and the modules are grouped together in an array. With this current efficiency of energy conversion, it still requires a wide area to generate enough energy for a small town.

Because the highest energy conversion could only reached by 90^o incoming light direction, some of the arrays are set on special tracking devices to follow solar light all day long.

The electrical energy from PV cells or PV arrays can then be used directly for further uses. It can be used in a home to power daily electricity consume. It also has great uses in business, due to its long term energy saving. Solar energy can be stored in batteries to light a roadside billboard at night.

Some experimental cars also use Photovoltaic cells. They convert solar light directly into energy to power electric motors on the car, but this technology is not ready for mass production yet. Recent trends of automotive industry is creating hybrid cars which combine between electricity and fuel. The source of electricity apparently from fuel itself or from mechanical energy conversion. Perhaps when new technology of PV arrived, high energy conversion from solar light could be achieved, and its efficient to self-generate enough electricity for a car.

EU agrees renewable energy target

A very good news about more green energy.

The 27 EU states will each decide how they contribute to meeting a 20% boost overall in renewable fuel use by 2020.

The measures could include a ban on filament light bulbs by 2010, forcing people to switch to fluorescent bulbs.

The bulbs last longer but more are more expensive to buy.

In another key measure, agreed on Thursday, EU leaders said they would cut carbon dioxide emissions by 20% from 1990 levels by 2020.

The EU plan involves:

• A 10% minimum target on the use of bio-fuels in transport by 2020


• A commitment to increase use of solar, wind and hydroelectric power


• A possible ban on incandescent bulbs - with filaments - in offices, street lights and private homes by the end of the decade

More complete news on BBC News

support shopautodotca seocontest

Environmentally Friendly Heater

Instead of using Oil or Gas Heater to warm your House, you can use the more environmentally friendly Heater....LOL



Source The Joyoftech

Solar Heater Do It Yourself

I found a very nice picture of home made Solar Heater.



Phillip Torrone, the owner of this Solar heater said he need these Ingredients to build his Solar Water Heater.

Ingredients:

• 2x6 lumber
• 2x4 lumber
• 2x2 lumber
• glass, plexiglass, or some kind of clear material.
• black aluminum screen
• caulking, paint, screws, lag screws, staple gun + other tools

That's a great idea and well done. Congratulation.
You can find the original picture on this link

How Does Solar Powered Water-heater Works?

Solar powered water heater usually takes the shape of glass, roof-assembled panel of collector with pipes inside. The heat of the sun is captured inside the panel, and is transferred, by the intermediary of an insulated shock absorber, to water or heat-transfer the fluid crossing the pipes and then to your cylinder from hot water. The principle must in the bottle of thermos flask and much more with the effect of hot greenhouse. For households without tank storage (a water hand-EDF or a boiler of ' combi ', for example) one of reheating of solar water is less feasible.

From an original article in the December 2003 issue of BBC Wildlife Magazine - Natural choice: solar power.
Image Source : www.enviro-energytech.com | www.sole.gr

Current Development of Solar Cell

Solar energy is all about using the power with the sun to produce energy. The sun gives enough of solar energy on the ground in one day to actuate the whole energy needs for the world during one year. Solar energy is considered a renewable source of energy because it will exist so much like does it our sun, estimated to be still 4.5 billion years. Solar energy is also considered a clean energy because it does not produce harmful pollutants or by-products with the environment.
Currently, solar energy is produced mainly by the use of the solar cells, also known under the name of photovoltaic cells. The process functions beside placing the cells in the direct sunlight. The sun strikes the cells causing a chemical reaction which creates an electrical current. The current is then transformed into electricity.

The future is indeed great for solar energy because of the new nanotechnology on solar is close creating solar platform that promote the spirit. For example, some companies try to create the solar quantum dots, which will be mixed in painting that you employ for your house. Yes, you will really paint on the panels of solar energy which will powering your house.

Now the development continues researchers are finding new ways to harness the power of the sun using highly-ordered arrays of titania nanotubes for hydrogen production and increased solar cell efficiency. “This is an amazing material architecture for water photolysis,” says Craig Grimes, professor of electrical engineering and materials science and engineering. Referring to some recent finds of his research group (G. K. Mor, K. Shankar, M. Paulose, O. K. Varghese, C. A. Grimes, Enhanced Photocleavage of Water Using Titania Nanotube-Arrays, Nano Letters, vol. 5, pp. 191-195.2005 ), “Basically we are talking about taking sunlight and putting water on top of this material, and the sunlight turns the water into hydrogen and oxygen. With the highly-ordered titanium nanotube arrays, under UV illumination you have a photoconversion efficiency of 13.1%. Which means, in a nutshell, you get a lot of hydrogen out of the system per photon you put in. If we could successfully shift its bandgap into the visible spectrum we would have a commercially practical means of generating hydrogen by solar energy. It beats fighting wars over middle-eastern oil.”

The highly ordered nanotube arrays also demonstrate remarkable properties when used in solar cells, as reported in the Vol. 6 No. 2 issue of Nano Letters; the Grimes’ team, which includes Gopal K. Mor, Karthik Shankar, Maggie Paulose, and Oomman K. Varghese, describes the initial results of their application of highly-ordered transparent titania nanotubes on the negative electrode in dye solar cells. This type of solar cell shows great promise as a relatively low cost solution to efficiently producing electricity from the sun.

History of Solar Panel

For those interested, here below is a short history of at which the right moment solar energy came to reality.

1876

History of solar cells is started. William Grylls Adams with a student with him, Richard Day, discovered that when selenium was exposed to the light, it produced electricity. An expert as regards electricity, von Werner von Siemens, declared that the discovery was "scientifically great importance". The selenium cells were not effective, but it was shown that the light only could be converted into electricity

1953

Calvin Fuller, Gerald Pearson, and Daryl Chapin, discovered the solar cell made of silicon. This cell produced enough electricity and was really enough effective to run of small electric devices. The New York Times declared that this discovery was "the beginning of a new era, carrying out thereafter to the realization to almost arm energy without limits with the sun for the uses of civilization."

1956

the first solar cells are available commercially but it's price however is far from reach of the ordinary people. For $300 for a solar cell of 1 Watt, the cost was too expensive no matter whom of the means. the first solar cells used in the toys and the radios is commercially available.

1959-1969

Satellites of the United States and of the Soviet space program were actuated by the solar cells and in the end of the Sixties solar energy was basically the standard for the actuating satellites of space.

1970

A manner of dropping to the cost of solar cells was discovered. This changed the price to the bottom of $100 per Watt approximately to $20 per Watt. This research was lead by Exxon. The majority of the oil platforms at sea used the solar cells to actuate the lights of weakening on the top of the installations.

1970-1990

The period of change of the use of the solar cells. They started to reveal on crossings of railroad, in the remote places to actuate houses, the solar cells used by Australia in their turns of microwave to increase their possibilities of telecommunication. Even the solar energy of saw of areas of desert bring water on the ground where power line was not reachable!

Today we see the solar cells in a large variety of places. You can see the solar actuated cars. There is even a solar actuated plane which flew higher than any other plane except the blackbird.

With the cost of solar cells completely in conformity with each one the budget, solar energy is easy to get. Recently new technology gave us a solar cells printed on screen, and with a solar fabric which can be employed to trim a house, even the solar panel which install on our roofs. The international markets opened and the solar manufacturers of panel now play a principal part in solar energy industry.

Solar energy is our future

Solar energy

Solar energy is our power source in the future, this is simply because of our sun is always powering this planet since it's beginning and will not last until our solar system collapsed. Solar energy is powering our atmosphere to keep the wind blows and it also keeping the water flows around the ocean by heating some parts of our earth and producing temperature differences with the dark parts of the earth. The solar energy is currently converted to another usable forms mostly by plants via it's Photosynthetic pathways and later on we're able to gain the energy by eating or burning on some parts of this plants including fossilized form of the plants (e.g. coals, oil etc.).


Unfortunately the way we use this potential energy is far from efficient. Lots of amount of energy is lost during conversion and frequently the conversion added more CO2 to the atmosphere. Unavoidable huge energy demand and combined with inefficient energy conversion producing a large amount of CO2. This trend is increasing 20% during the last 40 years. You can review this figure about recent trend of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. Image is from Global warming art.

Solar cell

One option to reduce the inefficient way is utilizing solar cell. It cuts several steps of energy conversion thus reducing energy lost. For example to produce electricity, the energy "in usual way" will flows from the sun > leaves / chloroplast > starch / woods > sometimes become coals > fire > heated water / steams > turbine / generator > electricity. But if we use solar cell, the energy will flows from the sun > solar cell > electricity. Many unnecessary steps is passed by utilizing solar cell and it could reduced wasting energy on conversion.

Solar cell current problems

Amid it's potential yet solar cell is still under development to increase it's efficiency. Recent types of solar cell has a wide range of efficiency starting from 6% up to 40%, but a highly efficient solar cell is also very costly to produced and this could effect to low market demand. This production cost is challenging engineer to invent a novel way to produce a highly efficient solar cell with lowest production cost.